Nepal is home to over 22,000 species, including a vast array of plants, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and fish. Nepal ranks 10th in Asia and 27th globally for the richness of flowering plant species. Notably, Nepal hosts 6,973 species of angiosperms, 41 gymnosperms, 1,001 algae, 2,016 fungi, 792 lichens, 1,213 bryophytes, and 580 pteridophytes. Similarly, the country is home to 212 mammalian species, 886 bird species, 78 reptile species, 118 amphibian species, 10,204 insect species, and 187 fish species (Dhakal et al., 2018)

This rich diversity is the treasure of Nepal. Protecting these species is critical not only to preserve the country’s biodiversity but also to maintain ecosystems that benefit both wildlife and human. However, currently, habitat and populations of many species are declining. The major threats include habitat destruction, poaching, human encroachment, over harvesting and climate change.

Conservation Nepal is working to secure Nepal's wildlife population and their habitat. While the broader goal is landscape level conservation, CN is starting off with focused study of two key species i.e Bengal florican and Hog deer. Currently, a long term ecological monitoring on population viability, distribution and preferences of these habitat specialist species, is being conducted in the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve.